Population estimates are unknown for many other ancient empires not listed here.

Saiz populasi

1. Empayar British - 531.3 juta (in 1938)[43]
2. Empayar Qing, China - 432.2 juta in 1851.[44]
3. Empayar Rusia - 176.4 juta in 1913
4. Empayar Mughal, India - 175.0 juta in 1700
5. Empayar Jepun - 134.8 juta in 1938
6. Northern Song Dynasty, China - 123.0 juta in 1103[45][46]
7. Empayar Perancis - 112.9 juta in 1938
8. Ming Empire, China - 110.0 juta in 1600.[47][48]
9. Empayar Mongol - 110.0 juta (in the 13th century)[49]
10. Yuan Khanate - 86.0 juta in 1290.[45][50]
11. Empayar Rom - 80.0 juta (in 2nd century AD)[51][52]
12. Sassanid Empire, Persia - 78.0 juta (in the 7th century AD)
13. Nazi Empayar Jerman - 75.4 juta (in 1938)[43]
14. Han Empire, China - 74.0 juta in 2[45][53]
15. Southern Song Dynasty, China - 73.0 juta in 1193.[45][54]
16. Empayar Sepanyol - 68.2 juta[55]
17. Empayar Jerman - 64.9 juta in 1914
18. Eastern Han Empire, China - 64 juta in 156[45][56]
19. Kerajaan Ummayyah - 62.0 juta (in the 7th century)[57]
20. Empayar Belanda - 60.0 juta in 1940.
21. Sui Dynasty, China - 53.0 juta in 606[45][58]
22. Tang Empire, China - 53.0 juta in 755[45][59]
23. Austro-Hungarian Empire - 52.8 juta in 1914
24. Italian Empire - 51.9 juta in 1938
25. Empayar Maurya, India - 50.0 juta in the 2nd century SM
26. Empayar Achaemenid - 49.4 juta (in the 5th century SM)[60]
27. Jin Dynasty, China - 48.0 juta in 1195.[45][61]

Peratusan daripada populasi dunia

1. Empayar Achaemenid, Persia - 44.0% (49.4 juta out of 112.4 juta[62] in the 5th century SM/480 SM)[60]
2. Sassanid Empire, Persia - 37.1% (78.0 juta out of 210 juta[63] in the 7th century AD)
3. Empayar Qing, China - 36.6% (381.0 juta out of 1.041 bilion in 1820)[64]
4. Empayar Rom - 35.9% (80.0 juta out of 223 juta[65] in the 2nd century AD)
5. Empayar Maurya, India - 33.3% (50.0 juta out of 150 juta in the 2nd century SM[66])
6. Kerajaan Ummayyah - 29.5% (62.0 juta out of 210 juta[63] in the 7th century AD)
7. Empayar Mughal, India - 29.2% (175.0 juta out of 600 juta[67] in 1700)
8. Empayar Ming, China - 28.8% (160.0 juta out of 556.2 juta in 1600)[64]
9. Empayar Tang, China - 28.0% (70.0 juta out of 250 juta in 850 AD)[64]
10. Gupta Empire, India - 26.36% (58.0 juta out of 220 juta in 400 AD) [43]
11. Empayar Han, China - 26.0% (59.6 juta out of 230 juta[64] in 2 AD)
12. Empayar Mongol - 25.6% (110.0 juta out of 429 juta[68] in the 13th century)
13. Empayar Pala, India - 24.0% (60.0 juta out of 250 juta in 850)[64]
14. Empayar British - 23.1% (531.3 juta out of 2.295 bilion in 1938)[43]
15. Song Dynasty, China - 22.0% (59.0 juta out of 268 juta in 1000)[64]
16. Kerajaan Bani Abbasiyyah - 20.0% (50.0 juta out of 250 juta in 850)[64]
17. Khulafa al-Rasyidin - 19.1% (40.3 juta out of 210 juta in 7th century)
18. Kushan Empire, India - 19.0% (42.37 juta out of 223 juta in 140)[64]
19. Tughlaq Dynasty, India - 18.91% (70.0 juta out of 370 juta in 1330)[64]
20. Empayar Sepanyol - 12.3% (68.2 juta out of 556 juta[64] in the 17th century)
21. Mali Empire - 10.0% (45.0 juta out of 450 juta[69] in the mid 15th century)
22. Empayar Rusia - 9.8% (176.4 juta out of 1.791 bilion[64] in 1913)
23. Empayar Uthmaniyyah - 7.1% (39.0 juta out of 556 juta[64] in the 17th century)
24. Empayar Jepun - 5.9% (134.8 juta out of 2.295 bilion[64] in 1938)
25. Vijayanagara Empire, India - 5.0% (25.0 juta out of 500 juta[64] in the 16th century)
26. Empayar Perancis - 4.9% (112.9 juta out of 2.295 bilion in 1938)
27. Empayar Jerman - 3.7% (64.9 juta out of 1.753 bilion in 1910)
28. Empayar Belanda - 3.5% (60.0 juta out of 1.700 bilion in 1907)
29. Nazi Empayar Jerman - 3.3% (75.4 juta out of 2.295 bilion in 1938)
30. Austro-Hungarian Empire - 2.9% (51.3 juta out of 1.753 bilion in 1910)
31. Italian Empire - 2.3% (51.9 juta out of 2.295 bilion in 1938)